Installing solar panels with batteries at no cost to the homeowner typically involves a third-party company that offers a solar power purchase agreement (PPA) or a solar lease arrangement. Here's a general overview of the process:

1. **Assessment**: The third-party company will assess the homeowner's property to determine if it is suitable for solar panel installation. Factors such as roof size, orientation, shading, and local sunlight exposure will be considered.

2. **Proposal**: Based on the assessment, the company will provide the homeowner with a proposal outlining the details of the solar panel system, including the number of panels, estimated energy production, and cost savings.

3. **Agreement**: If the homeowner agrees to the proposal, they will sign a contract with the third-party company. In a solar PPA or lease agreement, the homeowner typically agrees to purchase the electricity generated by the solar panels at a predetermined rate, often lower than utility rates.

Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) in Utah, as in other states, can vary depending on the specific terms negotiated between the homeowner and the solar provider. However, here are some common terms that may be included in a PPA for solar panels in Utah:

**Rate Structure**: The PPA will outline the rate at which the homeowner will purchase the electricity generated by the solar panels. This rate is typically lower than the utility rate and may be fixed or escalate over time.

**Contract Length**: The contract length for a PPA in Utah can vary but is typically around 10 to 25 years. During this time, the homeowner agrees to purchase the electricity generated by the solar panels from the provider.

**Performance Guarantee**: The PPA may include a performance guarantee, ensuring that the solar panels will meet certain energy production levels as specified in the agreement.

**Maintenance and Monitoring**: The solar provider is usually responsible for monitoring the system's performance and handling maintenance and repairs during the contract term.

**Insurance and Liability**: The PPA may outline insurance requirements and liabilities for both parties in case of damage to the solar panels or property.

**Buyout Options**: Some PPAs may include buyout options that allow the homeowner to purchase the solar panel system at a predetermined price after a certain period.

**Credit for Excess Generation**: If the solar panels generate more electricity than the homeowner consumes, the excess electricity can be fed back into the grid for credits or compensation as per the net metering policy in Utah.

It's important for homeowners in Utah considering a PPA to carefully review the terms of the agreement, understand the financial implications, and ensure that they are comfortable with the long-term commitment. Additionally, homeowners should consult with legal and financial advisors to ensure they fully understand the terms and conditions of the PPA before signing the agreement.

4. **Installation**: The company will then proceed with the installation of the solar panels and batteries on the homeowner's property. This process usually takes a few days to complete, depending on the size of the system.

5. **Connection to the grid**: After installation, the system will be connected to the grid, allowing the homeowner to draw electricity from the solar panels and batteries when needed. Any excess electricity generated can be fed back into the grid for credits.

6. **Monitoring and maintenance**: The company will typically provide monitoring services to ensure the system is functioning optimally. They will also handle any necessary maintenance or repairs during the contract term.

7. **Cost**: The homeowner does not pay for the upfront costs of purchasing and installing the solar panels and batteries. Instead, they pay for the electricity generated by the system at the agreed-upon rate. This arrangement allows homeowners to benefit from solar energy without the high initial investment.

It's important for homeowners to carefully review the terms of the agreement, including the contract length, rate structure, maintenance responsibilities, and potential buyout options. Additionally, they should ensure that the third-party company is reputable and experienced in solar panel installation and maintenance.